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CWEL Extension Fact Sheets

Apache Plume in the Landscape

Apache plume is an evergreen shrub that can reach five feet tall and wide in a landscape setting. This plant’s most distinguishing and attractive feature is the feathery, redturning-pink seedhead that emerges after the white rose-like, five-petaled flower...

Basic Turfgrass Care

The basic practices of turfgrass care include mowing, fertilization, and irrigation. In Utah, our climate has a unique effect on the turfgrasses that we grow and proper basic care will help to keep your lawn healthy and attractive.

Designing a Low Water Use Landscape

A landscape design should meet the needs of the people who will use and maintain the area while incorporating the site’s existing environmental conditions into the design. Water is a limiting resource in Utah, so designing the landscape to efficiently use...

Efficient Irrigation of Trees and Shrubs

Scheduling irrigation according to landscape plant water needs can reduce excess water use. In addition to conserving water, proper irrigation can encourage deeper root growth and healthier, more drought tolerant landscapes.

Firecracker Penstemon in the Landscape

Bright scarlet flowers that shower from arching stems of firecracker penstemon have made this plant a favorite of many penstemon enthusiasts. The species is found throughout the West at elevations from 3,000 to 11,000 feet.

Gambel Oak in the Landscape

Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii Nutt.), commonly called scrub oak, Rocky Mountain white oak, or Utah white oak, is native to the western part of the U.S., including Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Wyoming, and Arizona.

Irrigation System Maintenance

Irrigation system maintenance is necessary to ensure the most efficient use of the water that is being applied. Efficient irrigation is important because over two-thirds of the total water used in the average Uta home is applied to the landscape. With the...

Is Your Lawn Dead or Dormant?

Don’t start performing funeral rights on your brown grass. It most likely is not dead, just dormant. It’s normal for the grasses that are traditionally grown in Utah to struggle with the heat and drought we are experiencing now, says Kelly Kopp, Utah Stat...

Little Bluestem in the Landscape

This plant can be found naturally in desert surroundings, along waterways, and in rock crevices. This is a long-living plant that can be used ornamentally as a specimen, in a rock garden, or anywhere soil stabilization is desired. In winter, the seeds are...

Mountain Beebalm in the Landscape

This mound-forming perennial is typically seen in higher elevations in the interior West. The lavender or rose-purple flowers are attractive to insects, especially bees and butterflies. This plant is easy to establish and maintain in Intermountain West la...

Northern Utah Turfgrass Management Calendar

Cool-season grasses, such as Kentucky bluegrass or the fescues, may be seeded any time from midspring to early fall, but late summer is the optimum seeding time in northern Utah. The warmth of the soil in late summer is more advantageous for seed germinat...

Nurturing Native Plants

This publication is a compilation of successful protocols from research literature for native woody plants in Utah. The guide is laid out much like a recipe; listing the various ingredients and materials for each 'dish', and step-by-step instructions to r...

Propagating Bigtooth Maple

The first step in producing native plants with greater application in the landscape industry is to propagate or reproduce exceptional selections of these plants.

Selection and Culture of Landscape Plants in Utah

The purpose of this series of publications is to recommend plants and landscape management procedures for various regions of the state. This edition targets the communities of the high mountain valleys of the state (Rich, Morgan, Summit, and Wasatch count...

Shrub Selection for Utah Landscapes

Urban and suburban landscapes present special challenges concerning shrub selection in Utah. Due to our distinctive climate, shrubs must be able to withstand intense sunlight, low relative humidity, drying winds, and limited seasonal precipitation.

Simple Sprinkler Performance Testing for Juab County

Our arid climate and low annual precipitation (14.7 inches of annual rainfall in Juab County) make supplemental irrigation an essential requirement for many landscape plants. Since landscape irrigation is the single largest residential use of water, effic...

Simple Sprinkler Performance Testing for Moab, Utah

Our arid climate and low annual precipitation (10 inches of annual rainfall in Moab) make supplemental irrigation an essential requirement for many landscape plants. Since landscape irrigation is the single largest residential use of water, efficiently us...

Southwest Utah Turfgrass Management Calendar

Cool-season grasses, such as Kentucky bluegrass or the fescues, may be seeded any time from midspring to early fall, but late summer/early fall is the optimum seeding time in southeast Utah. The warmth of the soil in late summer is more advantageous for s...

St. George, Utah Turfgrass Management Calendar

Cool-season grasses, such as Kentucky bluegrass or the fescues, may be seeded any time from midspring to early fall, but late summer is the optimum seeding time in the St. George, Utah, area. The warmth and dryness of the soil in late summer is more advan...

Train Your Lawn Not to Beg for Water

Despite what the snow-covered peaks might indicate, we are not as abundantly blessed with water as those who live in most other states. Without supplemental water, many of our plants and lawns would dry up and die.

Turfgrass Cultivars for Utah

For many purposes, the turfgrass seed that may be purchased from a reputable garden center or nursery will usually fit the needs for most Utah lawns. When making such a purchase, look for a quality mixture of named turfgrass varieties avoiding those seed ...

Water-Wise Landscaping: Mulch

Mulch can provide many benefits in water-wise landscapes. Mulch covers the soil and prevents crusting, compaction, and water evaporation. In fact, mulching around trees, shrubs, and in flower beds can result in a ten-fold reduction in evaporative water lo...

Water-Wise Landscaping: Practical Turfgrass Areas

Of the seven guiding principles of water-wise landscaping (a.k.a. Xeriscaping™), the most controversial involves the use of turfgrass in the landscape. At times it has seemed that water-wise landscaping might not allow for the use of turfgrasses at all. I...

Water-Wise Plants for Utah Landscapes

This fact sheet includes a water-wise list of ornamental trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials, ornamental grasses, and ground covers. The plants on the list are (1) water-conserving, (2) adapted to Utah’s arid climate and cold winters, (3) available in th...

CWEL Books

Combinations for Conservation

This book gives homeowners and designers the confidence to create beautiful, low-water landscapes with examples of successful plant combinations in low-water gardens throughout the Intermountain West. The plant combinations are grouped together by water r...

Landscaping on The New Frontier

A practical volume for the home or business owner on landscaping with native, drought-tolerant plants in the Rocky Mountain West. Filled with practical tips on landscape design, water-wise irrigation, weed control, and descriptions of over 100 native pla...

Nurturing Native Plants

This publication is a compilation of successful protocols from research literature for native woody plants in Utah. The guide is laid out much like a recipe; listing the various ingredients and materials for each 'dish', and step-by-step instructions to r...

Water Wise

Convenient and comprehensive, Water Wise provides specific information about shrubs, trees, grasses, forbs, and cacti that are native to most states in the Intermountain West, and that can be used in landscaping to conserve water, reflect and preserve the...

CWEL Peer-Reviewed Publications

2023

Strategies to Secure Water for Great Salt Lake Lisa W. Welsh, Joanna Endter-Wada and Karin M. Kettenring

Increasing the Impact of Utah State University’s Extension Water Check Program With 5-Second MeteringMahmud Aveek, David E. Rosenberg, Camilo Bastidas, Jeffery S. Horsburgh, Belize A. Lane, Kelly Kopp, Peter Mayer Water DM, Joe Fazio, Flume

2022

Featured Collection Introduction: “Connecting Land and Water for Healthy Communities”  J. Endter-Wada Utah State University, Faith Sternlieb, Sarah P. Church, Philip Stoker University of Arizona

Transforming Institutions to Connect Land and Water for Healthy Communities J. Endter-Wada Utah State University, Faith Sternlieb, Lisa W. Welsh Utah State University, Burton C. Suedel, Michelle Madeley

2021

Plant biodiversity in residential yards is influenced by people's preferences for variety but limited by their income Allison Blanchette, Tara L.E. Trammell, Diane E. Pataki, Joanna Endter-Wada, Meghan L. Avolio; Landscape and Urban Plannin

Nodulation of Shepherdia x utahensis 'Torrey' and the Diversity of Symbiotic Frankia Strains Ji-Jhong Chen, Jeanette Norton, Heidi Kratsch, Youping Sun, and Larry Rupp; HortScience

Morphological and Physiological Responses of Ornamental Grasses to Saline Water Irrigation Haifeng Xing, Julie Hershkowitz, Asmita Paudel, Youping Sun, Ji-Jhong Chen, Xin Dai, and Mathew Chappell; HortScience

Estimating Leaf Chlorophyll Content of Buffaloberry Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Sensors Ji-Jhong Chen, Shuyand Zhen, and Youping Sun; HortTechnology

2020

Nodulation and Plant Growth of Shepherdia x utahensis 'Torrey' Topdressed with Controlled-release Fertilizer Ji-Jhong Chen, Heidi Kratsch, Jeanette Norton, Youping Sun, and Larry Rupp; HortScience

Cercocarpus montanus 'USU-CEMO-001': A New Sego Supreme™ Plant Asmita Paudel, Youping Sun, Larry A. Rupp, and Richard Anderson; HortScience

A Multilevel Analysis of the Drivers of Household Water Consumption in a Semi-Arid Region Matthew Barnett, Douglas Jackson-Smith, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Melissa Haeffner; Science of the Total Environment

2019

Best Management Practices for Utah Golf Courses, Boyle, Paige; Report

Utah State Capitol Grounds Landscape Water Use Assessment, Joanna Endter-Wada, Diana T. Wuenschell, Christine Garrard, Ellie Leydsman McGinty, Kelly Kopp, and Jennie Hoover; Research Report

Implications of Nontraditional Housing Arrangements for Urban Water Management in the United States Intermountain West, Mathew J. Barnett, Douglas Jackson-Smith, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Society & Natural Resources

Dynamics of Utah’s agricultural landscapes in response to urbanization: A comparison between irrigated and non-irrigated agricultural lands, Enjie Li, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Shujuan Li; Applied Geography 

Influencing water consumption through the Water Check Program. Helen Muntz and Kelly Kopp; Journal of Extension

Salt Tolerance of Sego Supreme TM Plants Paudel, A., Chen, J., Sun, Y., Wang, Y., & Anderson, R. (2019). Salt Tolerance of Sego SupremeTM Plants, HortScience, 54(11), 2056-2062

2018

Sustaining wetlands to mitigate disasters and protect people, Joanna Endter-Wada, Karin M. Kettenring, and Arian E. Sutton-Grier; Guest Editorial. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 

Social Dimensions of Urban Flood Experience, Exposure, and Concern, Rebecca Hale, Courtney G. Flint, Douglas Jackson-Smith, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Biodiverse cities: the nursery industry, homeowners, and neighborhood differences drive urban tree composition, Meghan L. Avolio, Diane E. Pataki, Tara L, E. Trammell, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Ecological Monographs 

Urban Agriculture and Small Farm Water Use: Case Studies and Trends from Cache Valley, Utah, Tyler Pratt, L. Niel Allen, David E. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Keller, and Kelly Kopp; Agricultural Water Management

Development and Application of Sensor Controlled Automatic Irrigation System for the Production of Camellia oleifera,  Yandong Niu,  Wei Long, Y ouping Sun , Yongzhong Chen, and Rui Wang; Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

2017

Piping water from rural counties to fuel growth in Las Vegas, Nevada: Water transfer risks in the arid USA West. Lisa W. Welsh, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Water Alternatives

Policy debates over the Southern Nevada Water Authority groundwater development project: Beneficial uses of water in a desert, Lisa W. Welsh, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Journal of the Southwest

Social and geographic contexts of water concerns in Utah, Courtney G. Flint, Xin Dai, Douglas Jackson-Smith, Endter-Wada, J., Sara K. Yeo, Rebecca Hale, and Mallory K. Dolan; Society & Natural Resources

Water-smart growth planning: linking water and land in the arid urbanizing American West, Li, E., Li, S., & Joanna Endter-Wada; Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 

Ring to Green Report on Necrotic ring spot. Kelly Kopp and Paul Harris. Research Report

2016

Water Management Decision Making in the Face of Multiple Forms of Uncertainty and Risk, Morey Burnham, Zhao Ma, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Tim Bardsley; Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Differentiating Urban Forms: A Neighborhood Typology for Understanding Urban Water Systems, Douglas B. Jackson-Smith, Philip A. Stoker, Martin Buchert, Joanna Endter-Wada, Carlos V. Licon, Molly S. Cannon and Shujuan Li; Cities and the Environment (CATE)

2015

iSAW: Integrating Structure, Actors, and Water to Study Socio-Hydro-Ecological Systems, R. L. Hale, A. Armstrong, M. A. Baker, S. Bedingfield, et al., Earth's Future Vol. 3 (2015)

Linkages Between Water Challenges and Land Use Planning in Megacities, Enjie Li, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Shujuan Li; Water Resources IMPACT

Response of Stomatal Density and Bound Gas Exchange in Leaves of Maize to Soil Water Deficit, Wensai Zhao, Yonglin Sun, Roger Kjelgren, and Xiping Liu; Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

Tools for evaluating and monitoring effectiveness of urban landscape water conservation interventions and programs, Diana T. Glenn, Joanna Endter-Wada, Roger Kjelgren, and Christopher M.U. Neale; Landscape and Urban Planning

2014

The Untapped Potential of Water Conservation, Joanna Endter-Wada; Utah Science

Clean Water Scarcity (1950s-present), Joanna Endter-Wada; CQ Press Guide to U.S. Environmental Policy

Growth of Bella Bluegrass Compared to a Standard KBG Blend and Tall Fescue, Paul Johnson, Xin Dai, and Roberrto Gurel; Applied Turfgrass Science

Phenotypic and Genotypic Analysis of a U.S. Native Fine-leaved Festuca Population Reveals Its Potential Use for Low-input Urban Landscapes, Jack E. Staub, Matthew D. Robbins, Yingmei Ma, and Paul Johnson; Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science

2013

A tree-ring based reconstruction of Logan River streamflow in northern Utah, Eric B. Allen, Tammy M. Rittenour, Justin DeRose, Matthew F. Bekker, Roger Kjelgren, and Brendan M. Buckley; Water Resources Research

Vegetative propagation of Juniperus osteosperma (Utah Juniper) by cuttings, Kevin R. Cope; Native Plants Journal

Water User Dimensions of Meter Implementation on Secondary Pressurized Irrigation Systems, Joanna Endter-Wada, Diana Glenn, Clayton Lewis, Roger Kjelgren, and Christopher Neale; Research Report for Weber Basin Water Conservancy District and the US Bureau of Reclamation

Priorities for turfgrass management and education to enhance urban sustainability worldwide, Paul G. Johnson; Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture

Evaluation of Chinese and Kyrgyzstan grass germplasm collections for maintenance of green cover under limited irrigation in western North America, Paul G. Johnson, D. A. Johnson, and K. J. Connors; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

Sustainable turfgrass management in an increasingly urbanized world, Paul Johnson, Frank S. Rossi, and Brian P. Horgan; Turfgrass Biology, Use and Management

Turfgrass water use and physiology, Kelly L. Kopp & Yiwei Jiang; Turfgrass: Biology, Use and Management

Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Kyrgyz fine-leaved Festuca valesiaca germplasm for use in semi-arid, low-maintenance turf applications, Yingmei Ma, Jack E. Staub, Matthew D. Robbins, Paul Johnson, and Steven R. Larson; Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution

Identifying high-risk areas of N leaching in the Salt Lake Valley, Hongyan Sun and Kelly L. Kopp;International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

2012

Summer percent green cover among Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) cultivars, accessions, and other Poa species managed under deficit irrigation., B. Shaun Bushman, Blair L. Waldron, Joseph G. Robins, Kishor Bhattarai, and Paul G. Johnson; Crop Science

Interest, incentives, and education towards organic golf course management: A study of Utah golf course superintendents, Paul G. Johnson, Adam Van Dyke, Erin Hodgson, Marion Murray, and Kelly Kopp; Applied Turfgrass Science

Physiological responses of turfgrass species to drought stress under high desert conditions, Nisa Leksungnoen, Paul G. Johnson, and Roger K. Kjelgren; HortScience

Etiolation Improves Rooting of Bigtooth Maple (Acer grandidentatum) Cuttings, Melody Reed Richards and Larry A. Rupp; HortTechnology

Selection and Budding Propagation of Native Bigtooth Maple for Water-conserving Landscapes, Melody Reed Richards, Larry A. Rupp, Roger Kjelgren, and V. Philip Rasmussen; HortTechnology

Morphological and genetic variation among Sphaeralcea Species in a high desert environment, Chalita Sriladda, Heidi A. Kratsch, Steven R. Larson, and Roger K. Kjelgren; HortScience

Water efficient urban landscapes - integrating different water use categorizations and plant types, Hongyan Sun, Kelly L. Kopp, and Roger Kjelgren; HortScience

Contribution to a book: Custom Software Application for Analyzing Urban Landscape Water Use, Adrian P. Welsh, Christopher M.U. Neale, Joanna Endter-Wada and Roger K. Kjelgren; Remote Sensing and Hydrology

2011

Principle 7: Landscape Maintenance, Amy Croft, Larry A. Rupp, and Heidi A. Kratsch; Water-Efficient Landscaping in the Intermountain West

Quantifying Urban Landscape Water Conservation Potential Using High Resolution Remote Sensing and GIS, F. A. Farag, Christopher Neale, Roger Kjelgren, and Joanna Endter-Wada; Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing

Water Use and the Key factor of Water Use of Ornamental Landscapes, Roger Kjelgren, Kelly Kopp, and Hongyan Sun; Spring Runoff Conference

Tropical street trees and climate uncertainty in Southeast Asia, Roger Kjelgren, Yongyut Trisurat, Ladawan Puangchit, Nestor Baguinon, and Puay Tan Yok; HortScience

Value Landscape Engineering: identifying costs, water use, labor, and impacts to support landscape choice. (PDF), David E. Rosenberg, Kelly Kopp, Heidi Kratsch, Larry Rupp, Paul G. Johnson, and Roger K. Kjelgren; Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Predicting urban forest growth and its impact on residential landscape water demand in a semiarid urban environment, John H. Lowry Jr., R. Douglas Ramsey, and Roger K. Kjelgren; Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Irrigation Frequency Differentially Alters Vegetative Growth and Seed Head Development of Poa annua L. Biotypes, Mark R. Slavens, Paul G. Johnson, and Bruce Bugbee; Crop Science

Plant Species vulnerability to climate change in peninsular Thailand., Y. Trisuart, S. Fajendra, and Roger K. Kjelgren; Applied Geography

2010

Implementing water conservation in an institutional setting; A case for situational problem solving, Douglas C. Kilgren, Joanna Endter-Wada, Roger K. Kjelgren, and Paul G. Johnson; Journal of the American Water Resources Association

2009

Tools for evaluating native grasses as low maintenance turf, Landon D. Bunderson, Paul G. Johnson, Kelly L. Kopp, amd Adam Van Dyke; HortTechnology

A survey of apomixis and ploidy levels among Poa L. (Poaceae) using flow cytometry, Alicia Michelle Kelley, Paul G. Johnson, Blair L. Waldron, and Michael D. Peel; Crop Science

Water deficit stress responses of three herbaceous native Australian ornamental species, Roger Kjelgren, Lixue Wang, and Daryl Joyce; HortScience

Quantifying turfgrass-available N from returned clippings using anion exchange membranes, Kelly L. Kopp and Karl Guillard; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

Water-conserving landscapes: an evaluation of homeowner preference, Tony A. McCammon, Sandra T. Marquart-Pyatt, and Kelly L. Kopp; Journal of Extension

Landscaping on the New Frontier: Waterwise Design for the Intermountain West, Susan E. Meyer, Roger K. Kjelgren, Darrel G. Morrison, and William A. Varga; All USU Press Publications

Variation within Poa germplasm for salinity tolerance, Joseph G. Robins, B. Shaun Bushman, Blair L. Waldron, and Paul G. Johnson; HortScience

Buffalograss tolerance to post-emergence herbicides in the Intermountain West, Adam Van Dyke and Paul G. Johnson; Applied Turfgrass Science

Influence of humic acid on water retention and nutrient acquisition in simulated golf putting greens, Adam Van Dyke, Paul G. Johnson, and Paul R. Grossl; Soil Use and Management

2008

Situational waste in landscape watering: residential and business water use in an urban Utah community, Joanna Endter-Wada, Judith Kurtzman, Sean P. Keenan, Roger K. Kjelgren, and Christopher M.U. Neale; Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Nitrogen and media assessment for first-year pot-in-pot production of container and bare root liners in the Intermountain West, JayDee Gunnell, Paul R. Grossl, and Roger Kjelgren; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Theory and Practice Related to Native Plants: A Case Study of Utah Landscape Professionals, Virginia Harding Hooper, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Craig W. Johnson; Landscape Journal

Water use of four street tree species in Bangkok, Thailand, Roger Kjelgren, L Puangchit, C. Sriladda, and M. Someechai; ISHS Acta Horticulturae

Humic substances effect on moisture retention and phosphorus uptake in Intermountain West putting greens, Adam Van Dyke, Paul G. Johnson, and Paul R. Grossl; Applied Turfgrass Science

2007

Characterizing fertilizer and media pH requirements for greenhouse production of Intermountain West native herbaceous perennials, Guillermo Cardoso, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, Rich Koenig, and Roger Kjelgren; Native Plants Journal

Agricultural experiment station faculty and administrator attitudes and perceptions regarding placing research results on the Internet, Roger Kjelgren; HortTechnology

Educating large landscape water users, Kelly L. Kopp, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, and Rachel Lopez; Journal of Extension

Potential for the improvement of turf quality in crested wheatgrass for low-maintenance conditions, Joseph G. Robins, Blair L. Waldron, and Paul G. Johnson; HortScience

Relative salinity tolerance of Intermountain Western United States native herbaceous perennials, N. Zollinger, R. Koenig, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, and Roger Kjelgren; HortScience

2006

A study of two methods of delivery computer aided diagnostic assistance for turfgrass problems on the web, Harlan Brewer, John Visonhaler, and Paul Johnson; Issues in Information Systems

Pot-in-pot production of six Intermountain West native herbaceous perennial species grown in containers, Guillermo Cardoso, Roger Kjelgren, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, and Rich Koenig; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Effects of irrigation and mowing on species diversity of grass and wildflower mixtures for the Intermountain West, Daniel W. Dewey, Paul G. Johnson, and Roger K. Kjelgren; Native Plants Journal

Recommended seeding rates for reduced maintenance, turf-type wheatgrasses, Justin D. Hanks, Paul G. Johnson, and Blair L. Waldron; Plant Management Network

Pollen-mediated gene flow from Kentucky bluegrass under cultivated field conditions, Paul G. Johnson, Steve R. Larson, Amy L. Anderton, Jason T. Patterson, Douglas J. Cattani, and Eric K. Nelson; Crop Science

Evaluating a line source irrigation system for determining water requirements of herbaceous perennials, Roger Kjelgren and Teresa Cerny-Koenig; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Native and adapted plants for water-efficiency in urban Utah landscapes, Heidi A. Kratsch, Kelly L. Kopp, Paul Johnson, and Roger Kjelgren; HortScience

Use of thermal dissipation probes to estimate water loss of containerized landscape trees, Thayne Montague and  Roger Kjelgren; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Stewardship and the Creation: LDS Perspectives on the Environment, Larry A. Rupp and Roger K. Kjelgren; Stewardship and the Creation: LDS Perspectives on the Environment

Drought responses of six ornamental herbaceous perennials, N. Zollinger, Roger K. Kjelgren, Teresa Cerny-Koenig, Kelly Kopp, and R. Koenig; Scientia Horticulturae

2005

Breeding CWG-R crested wheatgrass for reduced-maintenance turf, Justin D. Hanks, Blair L. Waldron, Paul G. Johnson, Kevin B. Jensen, and Kay H. Asay; Crop Science

Clipping contributions to nitrate leaching from creeping bentgrass under varying irrigation and N rates, Kelly L. Kopp and Karl Guillard; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

Genome relationships in polyploid Poa pratensis and other Poa species inferred from phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences, Jason T. Patterson, Steven R. Larson, and Paul G. Johnson;Genome

Growth and water relations of littleleaf linden trees established in irrigated buffalograss and Kentucky bluegrass, J. Ryan Stewart, Roger Kjelgren, and Paul G. Johnson; HortScience

2004

Species composition changes in a rooftop grass and wildflower meadow: Implication for designing successful mixtures, Daniel W. Dewey, Paul G. Johnson, and Roger K. Kjelgren; Native Plants Journal

Relationships between water use efficiency, carbon isotope discrimination, and turf performance in genotypes of Kentucky bluegrass during drought, J. S. Ebdon and Kelly L. Kopp; Crop Science

Nitrogen Rate and Mowing Height Effects on Turf-Type Buffalograss, K. W. Frank, R. E. Gaussoin, T. P. Riordan, R. C. Shearman, J. D. Fry, E. D. Mitner, and Paul G. Johnson; Crop Science

Nitrogen fertilizer form and associated nitrate leaching from cool-season lawn turf, Karl Guillard and Kelly L. Kopp; Journal of Environmental Quality

Water use and stomatal behavior of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) relative to reference evaporation in three contrasting regions, Roger Kjelgren, T. Montague, and R. Beeson; ISHS Acta Horticulturae

A team approach enhances statewide water issues programming, Richard Koenig, Teresa Cerny, Rick Heflebower, Nancy Mesner, Kelly L. Kopp, and Bob Hill; Journal of Extension

Water loss estimates for five recently transplanted landscape tree species in a semi-arid climate, Thayne Montague, Roger Kjelgren, Rick Allen, and David Wester; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Water loss estimates for five recently transplanted landscape tree species in a semi-arid climate, Thayne Montague, Roger K. Kjelgren, Rick Allen, and David Wester; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Energy balance of six common landscape surfaces and the influence of surface properties on gas exchange of four containerized tree species, T. Montague and Roger K. Kjelgren; Scientia Horticulturae

Soil-water-use Characteristics of Precision-irrigated Buffalograss and Kentucky Bluegrass, J. Ryan Stewart, Roger K. Kjelgren, Paul G. Johnson, and Michael R. Kuhns; Applied Turfgrass Science

2003

Maintaining Hydraulic Control Using Deep Rooted Tree Systems, A. Ferro, M. Gefell, Roger Kjelgren, D. S. Lipson, N. Zollinger, and S. Jackson; Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology

Mixtures of Buffalograss and Fine Fescue or Streambank Wheatgrass as a Low-maintenance Turf, Paul G. Johnson; HortScience

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Responses and Requirements in Calcareous Sand Greens, Paul G. Johnson, R. T. Koenig, and Kelly L. Kopp; Agronomy Journal

2002

Quantifying Potential Urban Landscape Water Conservation through Billing Data Analysis in Layton, Utah, Roger Kjelgren, Fayek A. Farag, Christopher Neale, Joanna Endter-Wada, and Judith Kurtzman; Proceedings, AWWA Water Sources Conference: Reuse, Resources, Conservation

Clipping Management and Nitrogen Fertilization of Turfgrass: Growth, Nitrogen Utilization, and Quality, Kelly Kopp and Karl Guillard; Crop Science

Relationship of Turfgrass Growth and Quality to Soil Nitrate Desorbed from Anion Exchange Membranes, Kelly L. Kopp and Karl Guillard; Crop Science

2001

Distribution of buffalograss polyploid variation in the southern Great Plains, Paul G. Johnson, Kevin E. Kenworthy, Dick L. Auld, and Terrance P. Riordan; Crop Science

Unbalanced chromosome number and inbreeding effects on fertility and plant vigor in buffalograss, Paul G. Johnson and T. P. Riordan; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

Evaluation of twenty-six buffalograss cultivars and accessions for use as turfgrass on the high plains of West Texas, M. A. Maurer, D. A. Auld, C. L. Murphy, C. B. McKenney, Paul G. Johnson, and K. E. Kenworthy; Texas Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources

TurfDoctor: A web-based expert system for turfgrass problem diagnosis and treatment, J. F. Vinsonhaler and Paul G. Johnson; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

2000

Registration of '120' buffalograss, J. Johnson-Cicalese, Paul G. Johnson, T. P. Riordan, F. P. Baxendale, R. E. Gaussoin, and J. E. Watkins; Crop Science

Low-Mowing Tolerance in Buffalograss, Paul G. Johnson, T. P. Riordan, and J. Johnson-Cicalese; Crop Science

Registration of '61' buffalograss, Paul G. Johnson, T. P. Riordan, J. Johnson-Cicalese, F. P. Baxendale, R. E. Gaussian, and R. C. Shearman; Crop Science

Tree seedling establishment with protective shelters and irrigation scheduling in three naturalized landscapes in Utah, Roger Kjelgren, Neil Chapman, and Larry Rupp; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

Water Conservation in Urban Landscapes, Roger Kjelgren, Larry Rupp, and Doug Kilgren; HortScience

Gas Exchange and Growth of Two Transplanted, Field-grown Tree Species in an Arid Climate, Thayne Montague, Roger K. Kjelgren, and Larry A. Rupp; HortScience

Surface energy balance affects gas exchange and growth of two transplanted landscape trees, Thayne Montague, Roger K. Kjelgren, and Larry A. Rupp; Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science

1999

A Review of Issues Pertaining to Transgenic Turfgrass, Paul G. Johnson and Terrance P. Riordan; Hort Science

Registration of ‘118’ buffalograss, T. P. Riordan, R. E. Gaussoin, R. C. Shearman, and Paul G. Johnson;Crop Science

1998

Ploidy Level Determinations in Buffalograss Clones and Populations, Paul G. Johnson, T. P. Riordan, and K. Arumuganathan; Crop Science

Inheritance of flowering pattern among four annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) genotypes, Paul G. Johnson and Donald B. White; Crop Science

1997

Vegetative establishment of buffalograss with plugs: Method and management, Paul G. Johnson, Terrance P. Riordan, and V. Meier; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

Flowering responses of selected annual bluegrass.(Poa annua L.) under different photoperiod and cold treatments, Paul G. Johnson and D. B. White; Crop Science

Vernalization requirements among selected genotypes of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.), Paul G. Johnson and Donald B. White; Crop Science

The Carbon County Ball Fields, Paul G. Johnson and Marlon B. Winger; Journal of Natural Resources Life Science Education

Registration of ‘Tatanka’ buffalograss, J. P. Klingenberg, Paul G. Johnson, and T. P. Riordan; Crop Science

Plant breeding, plant regeneration, and flow cytometry in buffalograss, T. P. Riordan, S. Fei, P. G. Johnson, and P. E. Read; Turfgrass Biotechnology: Cell and Molecular Genetic Approaches to Turfgrass Improvement

Seedling germination and establishment of buffalograss caryopses vs burs, T. P. Riordan, Paul G. Johnson, R. Gaussoin, and J. F. Svoboda; International Turfgrass Society Research Journal

 Shearing and Growth of Five Intermountain Native Shrub Species, Larry A. Rupp, Roger K. Kjelgren, Jeriann Ernstsen, and William Varga; Journal of Environmental Horticulture

1993

Observation on the reproductive biology in Poa annua L, Paul G. Johnson, D. B. White, P. Velguth, and P. D. Ascher; Proceedings of the Seventh International Turfgrass Conference

CWEL Presentations

2019

Water Usage Monitoring, Demonstration and Education at the Utah State Botanical Center - Water Initiative Grantposter presentation at the Extension Annual Conference, Utah State University, Michael Kilcrease, February 27-28

2018

A Comparison of Smart Controllers in the Urban Landscape poster presented at the Crop Science Society of America (CSSA) Annual Conference, Baltimore, MD, MS student Shane Evans, November 4-7

2015

Simplified Landscape Irrigation Demand Estimation: SLIDE Rules for Landscape Water Budgets and Allocations American Water Works Association Intermountian Section Meeting, Roger Kjelgren, September 2015

Tools for Evaluating and Monitoring the Effectiveness of Urban Landscape Water Conservation Interventions and Programs American Water Works Association Intermountian Section Meeting, Diana T. Glenn with Joanna Endter-Wada and Roger Kjelgren, September 2015