Western Subterranean Termite
Reticulitermes hesperus
Identification
- swarmers (winged) 3/8 inch long; dark body and legs
- winged termites differ from winged ants in that termites have equal-length front and back wings, bead-like antennae and a broad connection between the middle and rear of the body
- workers 1/4 - 3/8 inch long; pale cream color
- soldiers similar to workers but have a large head and mouthparts (see comparison in middle image)
Nesting Habits
- prefer to nest in moist wood in contact with the soil
- mud tubes are used to cross masonry or other surfaces
- indoors can be found anywhere wood products and moisture exist
Diet
- feed directly on wood, typically the softer layers (springwood) or on wood byproducts (e.g., drywall, paper-based ceiling tiles)
Significance
- can cause structural damage to wood and wood products
IPM Recommendations
- Eliminate wood-to-soil contact.
- Seal cracks and crevices in the foundation.
- Wood siding, stucco and foam board should be at least 6 inches from the ground.
- Keep vegetation trimmed and away from the foundation.
- Repair leaking plumbing and other moisture sources.
- Reduce humidity in basements, crawlspaces, etc.
- Use baits in conjunction with moisture-reducing tactics to eliminate colonies.
- Consider hiring a professional to control termites.
For more information, see our Subterranean Termites fact sheet.